Aging Like a Fine Pint: How Time Brews Changes in Brain and Body

Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s are among the most prevalent and debilitating disorders affecting the aging population. Defined by progressive cognitive and motor decline, these conditions are driven by pathological processes including protein aggregation, oxidative stress, and chronic neuroinflammation. Aging - recognized as the primary risk factor - profoundly alters brain structure and function, increasing vulnerability to these disorders. Therefore, unraveling the mechanisms that link aging to neurodegeneration is essential for the development of effective therapeutic strategies.

Silvia Bolognin is an assistant professor at the MERLN Institute. Her research focuses on exploring regenerative strategies for combating age-related neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s, using advanced 3D stem cell models.

Skeletal muscle constantly undergoes renewal, with 1-2% of its protein replaced daily. This process is driven by food intake - especially protein - and physical activity. Dietary proteins provide the signals needed to boost muscle protein synthesis. When consumed after exercise, these effects are enhanced and sustained - illustrating the idea that “you are what you just ate.” In contrast, periods of inactivity diminish the body’s ability to effectively utilize protein, a phenomenon known as anabolic resistance. This phenomenon plays a key role in age-related muscle loss and highlights the importance of nutrition and physical activity in preserving muscle health.

Luc van Loon is a professor of Nutrition and Exercise at Maastricht University. His research focuses on skeletal muscle adaptive response to physical (in)activity, and the impact of nutrition and pharmacological interventions to modulate metabolism in both health and disease.